Trag\u00e9di\u00ed Alana Moorea, pokud v\u016fbec n\u011bjakou, je, \u017ee jeho komiksov\u00e1 tvorba z 80. let - Watchmen, V jako Vendeta - byla v\u011b\u010dn\u011b nepochopena publikem, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 r\u00e1do pou\u010dilo. Britsk\u00fd spisovatel str\u00e1vil svou kari\u00e9ru t\u00edm, \u017ee \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 prosil, aby byli k superhrdin\u016fm skepti\u010dt\u00ed, aby zpochyb\u0148ovali jejich motivy a dobro\u010dinnost. P\u0159esto se zd\u00e1, \u017ee jim jeho pointa unik\u00e1.\n<\/p>\n
S\u00e1m Moore si toto ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed z\u0159ejm\u011b bolestn\u011b uv\u011bdomuje. V n\u011bkolika vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch rozhovorech, kter\u00e9 poskytl v posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech v r\u00e1mci propagace sv\u00e9 nov\u00e9 pov\u00eddkov\u00e9 sb\u00edrky Iluminace, znovu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 na ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se \u017e\u00e1nru, kter\u00fd p\u0159ed desetilet\u00edmi opustil, a znovu vysv\u011btluje svou pr\u00e1ci. \" Kdy\u017e jsem d\u011blal v\u011bci jako [Miracleman] a Watchmen... Sna\u017eili se uk\u00e1zat, \u017ee jak\u00fdkoli pokus o realizaci t\u011bchto postav v jak\u00e9mkoli realistick\u00e9m kontextu bude v\u017edy groteskn\u00ed a no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fry, \" \u0159ekl ned\u00e1vno GQ. M\u00edsto toho dodal, \u017ee fanou\u0161ci si prost\u011b mysleli: \" Uh, jo, temn\u00ed, depresivn\u00ed superhrdinov\u00e9 jsou jako cool. \"\n<\/p>\n
V tomto m\u00e1 Moore pravdu. A na obranu t\u011bchto \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f je t\u0159eba \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee temn\u00ed superhrdinov\u00e9 jsou cool. Ale Moore chce, aby si lid\u00e9 uv\u011bdomili, \u017ee p\u0159\u00e1t si spasitele je bl\u00e1hov\u00e9 a \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se pokus\u00ed o hrdinstv\u00ed na t\u00e9to \u00farovni, bude rozcupov\u00e1n. Moore cht\u011bl jen ilustrovat, jak sm\u011b\u0161n\u011b by vypadalo, kdyby se o to n\u011bkdo skute\u010dn\u011b pokusil.\n<\/p>\n
Mo\u017en\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b v tom ud\u011blal chybu, kdy\u017e se sna\u017eil kritizovat superhrdiny v m\u00e9diu, kter\u00e9 je prakticky vymyslelo. Mo\u017en\u00e1, \u017ee odm\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed fanou\u0161k\u016f sly\u0161et, co se Moore pokou\u0161el \u0159\u00edct, odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed jejich chu\u0165 k sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu stavu vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f, kdy souboje a melodramata \u010dasto nahrazuj\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed oblouky nebo jak\u00fdkoli osobn\u00ed r\u016fst. Steve Rogers a Tony Stark se rad\u011bji ml\u00e1t\u00ed, ne\u017e aby \u0161li na terapii; Joker tan\u010d\u00ed na n\u011bjak\u00fdch schodech a st\u00e1v\u00e1 se sp\u00ed\u0161e plak\u00e1tov\u00fdm d\u00edt\u011btem nespokojen\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f ne\u017e pojedn\u00e1n\u00edm o tom, jak usm\u011br\u0148uj\u00ed sv\u016fj hn\u011bv.\n<\/p>\n
Moore nejednou hovo\u0159il o infantilizuj\u00edc\u00edm vlivu, kter\u00fd podle n\u011bj maj\u00ed komiksy, superhrdinsk\u00e9 komiksy a filmy podle nich nato\u010den\u00e9 na sv\u00e9 div\u00e1ky. Ned\u00e1vno \u0159ekl den\u00edku The Guardian, \u017ee ho zar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, \u017ee tis\u00edce dosp\u011bl\u00fdch \" stoj\u00ed fronty, aby vid\u011bli postavy a situace, kter\u00e9 byly vytvo\u0159eny, aby bavily dvan\u00e1ctilet\u00e9 chlapce - a v\u017edy to byli chlapci - p\u0159ed 50 lety. \" To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee div\u00e1ci se do\u017eaduj\u00ed \"jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edch \u010das\u016f, jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edch skute\u010dnost\u00ed\", a tento druh my\u0161len\u00ed \"m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt velmi \u010dasto p\u0159edzv\u011bst\u00ed fa\u0161ismu\". \"\n<\/p>\n
\" Infantilizace \" je mo\u017en\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 daleko; tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro fa\u0161ismus. Superhrdinsk\u00e9 filmy jsou \u010dasto jen obl\u00edbenou formou eskapismu fanou\u0161k\u016f, n\u011b\u010d\u00edm, co si mohou u\u017e\u00edt i kriticky sledovat. Moore\u016fv n\u00e1zor se tak\u00e9 zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt zam\u011b\u0159en sp\u00ed\u0161e na filmov\u00e9 universum Batmana ne\u017e t\u0159eba na Black Panthera, Deadpoola nebo Captain Marvel. Na t\u00e9to kultu\u0159e je v\u0161ak n\u011bco, co je p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm reduktivn\u00ed. Toto m\u00e9dium v komiksech a filmech \u010dasto stav\u00ed konflikty do bin\u00e1rn\u00ed roviny dobra a zla, ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba \" vyhr\u00e1t \" nebo \" prohr\u00e1t \", nebo jinak nastavit tak, aby se opakovaly v nekone\u010dn\u00e9m cyklu.\n<\/p>\n
Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee m\u00e1 Moore pravdu? Mo\u017en\u00e1, ale nakonec jeho argumentace vykresluje komiksov\u00e9 fanou\u0161ky p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u0161iroce. Ne ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo m\u00e1 Rorschacha r\u00e1d, si nev\u0161iml, \u017ee je to satira; lid\u00e9 sleduj\u00ed Chlapce nejen kv\u016fli vybuchuj\u00edc\u00edm hlav\u00e1m. Ne ka\u017ed\u00fd fanou\u0161ek Marvelu vzhl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed ke Kapit\u00e1nu Amerikovi s horlivost\u00ed dvan\u00e1ctilet\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte v pades\u00e1t\u00fdch letech. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 se prost\u011b r\u00e1di d\u00edvaj\u00ed na hrdinu s kladivem, jak bojuje s t\u00fdpkem, kter\u00fd si kdysi hr\u00e1l na Bruce Wayna, a naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed Valk\u00fdru \" kr\u00e1lem. \"\n<\/p>\n
Pravdou v\u0161ak je, \u017ee Mooreovi zl\u00ed a dob\u0159\u00ed ho\u0161i nikdy nedos\u00e1hli sv\u00e9ho c\u00edle. M\u011bli uk\u00e1zat, \u017ee zbo\u017e\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed hrdin\u016f je \u010dasto problematick\u00e9 - a lid\u00e9 si je kv\u016fli tomu zbo\u017e\u0148ovali. Trag\u00e9die Alana Moora nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee by jeho d\u00edlu nikdo nev\u011bnoval pozornost. Jde o to, \u017ee se na ni pod\u00edvali a za\u0161eptali: \"Ne.\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Trag\u00e9di\u00ed Alana Moorea, pokud v\u016fbec n\u011bjakou, je, \u017ee jeho komiksov\u00e1 tvorba z 80. let - Watchmen, V jako Vendeta - byla v\u011b\u010dn\u011b nepochopena publikem, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 r\u00e1do pou\u010dilo. Britsk\u00fd spisovatel str\u00e1vil svou kari\u00e9ru t\u00edm, \u017ee \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 prosil, aby byli k superhrdin\u016fm skepti\u010dt\u00ed, aby zpochyb\u0148ovali jejich motivy a dobro\u010dinnost. P\u0159esto se zd\u00e1, \u017ee jim […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":33972,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33968","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-comics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/movieworld.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33968","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/movieworld.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/movieworld.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/movieworld.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/movieworld.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33968"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/movieworld.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33968\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/movieworld.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33972"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/movieworld.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33968"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/movieworld.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33968"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/movieworld.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33968"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}